Lastly, we come to the commercial metrics. These are largely financial measures and, in the private sector, they help us understand whether the business is succeeding. They are the metrics that matter most to shareholders and investors. The emphasis placed on different commercial measures often changes as an organisation matures. Newer businesses may prioritise growth, focusing on building a customer base and investing for the future. As organisations become more established, attention tends to shift towards profitability, efficiency and cost control. Both phases are important, and the balance between them will vary over time.

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